EU trade flows · extra-EU

All trade flows

Butter

CN codes: 040510

Latest customs month

May 2026

  • Imports · last 12 months

    42kt

    +102.5% vs the year before

  • Imports · avg unit value

    5,252€/t

  • Exports · last 12 months

    279kt

    +17.9% vs the year before

  • Exports · avg unit value

    7,558€/t

What the EU imports

Monthly imports

1.30 kt5.70 kt10 ktJan 2015Jan 2017Jan 2019Jan 2021Jan 2023Jan 2025
May 2026
12-month average3.49 kt
Imports2.47 kt
Imports12-month average

Where it comes from · last 12 months

  1. 🇬🇧United Kingdom24 kt57%
  2. 🇺🇸United States6.9 kt16%
  3. 🇳🇿New Zealand6.4 kt15%
  4. 🇺🇦Ukraine2.6 kt6%
  5. 🇳🇴Norway1.6 kt4%
  6. 🇨🇭Switzerland303 t1%
  7. 🇹🇷Türkiye71 t0%
  8. 🇮🇸Iceland50 t0%
  9. QVNot specified4 t0%
  10. 🇦🇺Australia2 t0%
  11. All other countries138 t0%

Partner concentration (HHI): 3,815 · high

Countries outside a product's top twelve are counted under "all other countries" — the totals and shares stay honest, the list stays readable.

What the EU exports

Monthly exports

15 kt22 kt29 ktJan 2015Jan 2017Jan 2019Jan 2021Jan 2023Jan 2025
May 2026
12-month average23 kt
Exports31 kt
Exports12-month average

Where it goes · last 12 months

  1. 🇺🇸United States78 kt28%
  2. 🇬🇧United Kingdom49 kt18%
  3. 🇨🇳China17 kt6%
  4. 🇰🇷South Korea12 kt4%
  5. 🇸🇦Saudi Arabia12 kt4%
  6. 🇲🇦Morocco8.2 kt3%
  7. 🇦🇪United Arab Emirates6.9 kt2%
  8. 🇮🇱Israel5.0 kt2%
  9. 🇹🇼Taiwan4.9 kt2%
  10. 🇯🇵Japan4.1 kt1%
  11. All other countries75 kt27%

Partner concentration (HHI): 1,904 · moderate

Countries outside a product's top twelve are counted under "all other countries" — the totals and shares stay honest, the list stays readable.

From — to, one corridor at a time

Pick a sender and a receiver and read that corridor: the tankers from one member state to another, month by month. Both customs perspectives are drawn — the sender's export record and the receiver's import record rarely agree to the tonne, and the gap itself is information. The border corridors are here too: choose the European Union as sender for the exports to third countries, or a third country as sender for what comes in.

  • Reported by the sender (export) · last 12 months

    81 kt

  • Reported by the receiver (import) · last 12 months

    103 kt

6.39 kt8.37 kt10 ktJul 2024Jan 2025Jul 2025Jan 2026May 2026
May 2026
Reported by the sender (export)Reported by the receiver (import)

Unit values

Declared value divided by declared weight, in euros per tonne — the closest thing a customs record has to a price. Import and export are not the same market: one is landed cost at the EU border, the other is border value on the way out.

€ 1,867€ 5,064€ 8,261Jan 2015Jan 2017Jan 2019Jan 2021Jan 2023Jan 2025
May 2026
Import unit value€ 5,656
Export unit value€ 6,472
Import unit valueExport unit value

The seasonal shape

The same twelve months laid over each other, per direction — this year drawn against the three before it, so a spring running ahead of last spring shows immediately.

Imports by month

035JFMAMJJASOND
December
20231 kt
20241 kt
20253 kt
2023202420252026kt

Exports by month

162431JFMAMJJASOND
December
202317 kt
202417 kt
202521 kt
2023202420252026kt

Across the Atlantic: the US record

The same product through American customs — the Census Bureau files about a month faster than Comext, in dollars, under its own ten-digit lines. Volumes compare on the HS6 root both nomenclatures share; the codes beneath it do not.

  • Exports · last 12 months

    112kt

    +132.5% vs the year before

  • Imports · last 12 months

    65kt

    −18.3% vs the year before

  • United States

    Jun 2026

Exports, 12-month average — EU vs US

2.86 kt13 kt22 ktJan 2015Jan 2017Jan 2019Jan 2021Jan 2023Jan 2025
Jun 2026
United States9.35 kt
EU-27United States

Where it comes from

  1. Ireland34 kt · 53%
  2. New Zealand21 kt · 33%
  3. France4.1 kt · 6%
  4. Argentina1.4 kt · 2%
  5. Canada1.1 kt · 2%

Where it goes

  1. Canada32 kt · 29%
  2. Saudi Arabia12 kt · 11%
  3. Korea, South10 kt · 9%
  4. Australia9.2 kt · 8%
  5. Netherlands6.5 kt · 6%

The same shipment, two customs records

Two customs services, one trade, and rarely the same number. Small gaps are timing and freight. Large ones mean something structural: an export is filed the moment the cargo leaves, while an import is only filed once customs clears it. Where the gap is wide, our reading is that goods are waiting in port for clearance, which can take a long time — but that is an assumption, not something the customs record proves. Re-exports, transshipment and differing tariff-line coverage sit in between as well. Neither book is wrong; knowing which one a counterparty is quoting is the point.

Europe → United States · May 2026

As the EU files it
78 kt
As the US files it
34 kt
Gap
43 kt 56%

United States → Europe · May 2026

As the EU files it
6.9 kt
As the US files it
10 kt
Gap
+3.5 kt +34%

US quantities are aggregated from ten-digit HTS/Schedule B lines that differ from the EU's CN lines beneath the shared six-digit root; values stay in dollars on purpose. Lines filed in litres are converted at 1.03 kg/l.

Source: U.S. Census Bureau, USA Trade Online — public domain, credited as a courtesy. Retrieved 14 Aug 2026.

Extra-EU trade of the EU-27 aggregate. Flows between member states are a separate record and are never mixed in.

Customs data is living data: recent months are provisional and can be revised for a year or more. Every revision the daily ingest sees is recorded, never silently overwritten.

Source: Eurostat (Comext, DS-045409), processing Get Fair Dairy — data vintage Jul 2026, last ingested 14 Aug 2026. · Sources & licences

Source: Eurostat (Comext, DS-045409), processing Get Fair Dairy (intra-EU) — data vintage Jul 2026, last ingested 14 Aug 2026.